Management And Support For Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Symptoms and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Discuss about the Glycaemic Variability and Complications in Patients.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that raises levels of sugar in the blood. Symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus commonly referred to as diabetes includes frequent urination, increase hunger rate, increased thirst (American Diabetes Association, 2010). The condition in case left untreated gives rise to more serious complications and conditions. Patient having livid experience of the conditions generally detail regarding ways that their conditions became more serious and complex. Most patient findings reflect a total disrespect to adopt lifestyle changes through proper medication and exercises. A deep investigation into figures from worldwide population affect ted with diabetes reflects over 415 million people being affected with Type 2 condition of the disease. The condition is prevalent at the same rate amongst men as well as women, and such trends are on continuous rise. It has been estimated that approximately 1.5 to 5 million deaths each year are due to various complications arising from diabetes. Global economic costs from diabetes are also on continuous rise, with attribution to approximately $612 in 2014 alone, the figure has swelled ever since. Diabetes has been associated with Type 1 and Type 2 categories with symptoms varying across patients. Several signs and symptoms including headache, fatigue, itchy skin, slow rate of healing wounds and so on. Complications associated with the medical condition generally includes sudden dropping in sugar levels that impairs several functioning or having persistent high levels of blood sugar in the blood.
Nurse practices can severally have effects on a patient facing conditions arising from diabetes. In case of complications, patients generally get admitted to a hospital or into emergency admission (Ismail-Beigi et al., 2011). Nurse’s role is critical in providing the patient with continuous care and support. Role of nurses is to conduct continuous monitoring such that vitals of the patient can be checked appropriately and gradual healing of the patient can be aimed at. Nurse can provide appropriate administration of medication along with support to make changes in lifestyle to reduce implications prevent from arising of acute or chronic conditions. A nurse can function in a close coordinated manner with the patient to help reduce long term costs in health care. In case appropriate practices are incorporated, it can lead to overall cutting down on global costs associated with preventing diabetes mellitus complicated conditions. Further can reduce Medicare expenses that individuals and companies render towards controlling in the disease. Therefore, it is critical that nurses provide appropriate support in management of the condition.
The Role of Nurses in Diabetic Care and Support
As search strategy was critical to arrive at understanding related to the topic. As there was no scope for taking in practical exposure and learning from patient having livid experience of the condition, we had to undertake search strategy from various books, journals and internet sources. In order to complete this qualitative research for the proposed condition of patient having diabetes mellitus, I had mainly made use of Google Scholar (Lewis, 2015). I also made use of several books that was present in our library and made use of internet sources. There was an extensive array of books and journals that I arrived at, that could provide relevant insight into patient having livid experience. But due to time constraint I had to select three appropriate journals and go through them to arrive at findings related to the study.
In order to conduct this study there are three journal sources that has been made use of. Below is mentioned key research procedure and methods that has been used by these journals.
Research aim: Research aim of this study was to understand patients with diabetes mellitus having high prevalence from pre-clinical diastolic dysfunction.
Research design: The scholars here had adopted qualitative as well as quantitative research design in order to arrive at results for the study.
Participants: The study made use of 1,760 diabetic mellitus patient’s.
Data collection: The scholar had made use of primary data collection of quantitative data by using experimental procedures.
Data analysis: Data analysis was done making use of statistical techniques of mean, standard deviation and other processes.
Main findings: Prevalence of high diabetes mellitus amongst patients increases their association to develop coronary diseases.
Ethical consideration: The study had made use of appropriate ethical procedures in order to conduct the study. The scholars had obtained all prior approval from patients and board of ethics.
Study limitations: The study mostly makes use of experimental procedures for arriving at results related to cardiovascular ailments, no other morbidities were identified.
Research aim: The scope of this research aimed at analysing feasibility associated with free-living walking training in patients facing type 2 diabetes conditions. The research evaluated effects of body composition and physical fitness on glycemic control.
Research design: The research design made use of groups of control and continuous walking. then there were five sessions that accessed their accelerometer and heart-rates. With various intensities in training recorded glucose and other levels were checked in patients for monitoring.
Research Findings on Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Conditions
Participants: Control group and experimental group of participants was gathered for the study.
Data collection: Primary data of quantitative nature was collected from participants.
Data analysis: Using deductive techniques and statistical analysis.
Main findings: In order to enhance physical fitness and keep diabetes in control free-living walking can be conducted. This can help in glycemic control of the disease.
Ethical consideration: The study had made use of appropriate ethical procedures in order to conduct the study. The scholars had obtained all prior approval from patients and board of ethics.
Study limitations: The study mostly makes use of experimental procedures for arriving at results related to cardiovascular ailments, no other morbidities were identified.
Research aim: Complications arising from type 2 diabetes
Research design: B Qualitative research design
Participants: Collected from hiospitals
Data collection: Qualitative and primary level data was collected.
Data analysis: Deductive procedures
Main findings: Diabetes of type 2 increases complications in patients leading to rise in morbidities.
Ethical consideration: The study had made use of appropriate ethical procedures in order to conduct the study. The scholars had obtained all prior approval from patients and board of ethics.
Study limitations: The study mostly makes use of experimental procedures for arriving at results related to cardiovascular ailments, no other morbidities were identified.
Key findings from several journals analysed in this research reflects high incidence of several associated conditions arising from diabetes mellitus. Meaning that diabetes mellitus increases or enhances rates or other diseases. It increase morbidities that are often difficult to manage (Nalysnyk, Hernandez?Medina & Krishnarajah, 2010). As all study conducted analyses diabetes as a co-conditions therefore all research findings need to be directed and aimed at reducing or managing conditions related to diabetes conditions. A more comprehensive procedure and management techniques has to be accommodated that allows overcoming situation that increase rate of chronic ailments associated with diabetes mellitus conditions (Committee of the Japan Diabetes Society on the Diagnostic Criteria of Diabetes Mellitus, 2010).
The scope of learning from journals and articles is immense as it has effectively provided relevant insights into understanding conditions that prevails in a person affected with diabetes. From various literatures such as books, journals an internet sources I have come to understand that the condition alone in case kept in check does not impose challenges. However, in case sugar in blood levels falls or rises they can cause serious implications. Most importantly prevalence of higher levels of blood sugar can lead to long term health conditions such as cardiovascular ailments, increasing chances of stroke, chronic diseases of the kidney, ulcers in foot, damages to the eye and so on. Acute complications that can lead to the above conditions are diabetic ketoacidiosis, hyperglycemic state and hyperosmolar. In case of patients with acute or chronic conditions medication along with continuous monitoring has to be provided. Primary care in patients affected with diabetes mellitus includes continuous support and long-term treatment, however in case of hospitalization patient need to be regularly monitored for key vitals such as to minimize effects from the disease. My key learning from the journal had been ways in which patient centered approach is rendered to an individual. Patient mostly feel restless or thirsty and sometimes they ignore in-taking appropriate medicines. Therefore most critical aspects of patient with the condition is to provide adequate management and change of lifestyle along with medicines and support. My role in providing support to patient facing the condition will be focused on providing continuous support such that their conditions do not become acute or critical. In case a critical patient is present, then my aims will be administering medicines or support that can help reduce pain or escalate the situation. Though I have learnt that there are various surgical intervention methods present that can help patient reduce pain or help them overcome the current state, most effective ways that I will center my practices at will be through lifestyle changes. This will allow my patients to deal with the condition over a longer period of time. In case of children I will especially aim to restructure their life totally through healthy eating and exercise based habits. But in adults or older population such steps will not render effectiveness hence I will aim at continuous support procedures.
Reference Lists
American Diabetes Association. (2010). Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care, 33(Suppl 1), S62.
Committee of the Japan Diabetes Society on the Diagnostic Criteria of Diabetes Mellitus, Seino, Y., Nanjo, K., Tajima, N., Kadowaki, T., Kashiwagi, A., … & Kasuga, M. (2010). Report of the committee on the classification and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus. Journal of diabetes investigation, 1(5), 212-228.
From, A. M., Scott, C. G., & Chen, H. H. (2010). The development of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus and pre-clinical diastolic dysfunction: a population-based study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 55(4), 300-305.
International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel. (2010). International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Diabetes care, 33(3), 676-682.
Ismail-Beigi, F., Moghissi, E., Tiktin, M., Hirsch, I. B., Inzucchi, S. E., & Genuth, S. (2011). Individualizing glycemic targets in type 2 diabetes mellitus: implications of recent clinical trials. Annals of internal medicine, 154(8), 554-559.
Karstoft, K., Winding, K., Knudsen, S. H., Nielsen, J. S., Thomsen, C., Pedersen, B. K., & Solomon, T. P. (2013). The effects of free-living interval-walking training on glycemic control, body composition, and physical fitness in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Diabetes care, 36(2), 228-236.
Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), 473-475.
Nalysnyk, L., Hernandez?Medina, M., & Krishnarajah, G. (2010). Glycaemic variability and complications in patients with diabetes mellitus: evidence from a systematic review of the literature. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 12(4), 288-298.
Stolar, M. (2010). Glycemic control and complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The American journal of medicine, 123(3), S3-S11.