Answering Basic Routing Questions

Question 1 – Address Usage

This assessment task requires you to demonstrate your knowledge of basic routing concepts by completing a number of exercise questions.  The questions contain numerical as well as descriptive questions covering the material up to Week 6.

The questions are designed to help you to achieve the unit learning outcomes as listed in the unit profile.

Instructions

You must do this assignment on your own – it is not a group assignment.

Type all your answers in the ‘Template for Your Answers’ Section of this document and upload only that template.  You could do that by copying the Template section into a new Word document for uploading.  Answers that are not typed into the “Template for Your Answers” section may not be marked, or may be returned to you for re-typing and re-submission – late penalties will apply.

Where instructed, you must show the steps you took to arrive at your answers. Write your answers in your own words to avoid potential plagiarism and copyright violations.

You must submit the Answer section as a Word file (.doc or .docx).  Do not submit PDF’s or any other type of file without express permission from the Unit Coordinator.

Plagiarism Procedures can be found in the CQUniversity Policies section of the Unit Profile.

Assessment Requirements and Marking Criteria

There are 3 main questions with some sub-questions and the requirements are stated for each one.  You must answer all questions and sub-questions.  Marks are indicated in the Answer Template.

The questions will be marked on correctness, logic and clarity, and addressing all parts of the question.

The Assignment Questions begin on the next page.

USE THE PROVIDED TEMPLATE ON PAGE-4 FOR ALL YOUR ANSWERS.

Question 1 – Address usage (3 marks)

Consider the following classless address in a given block:

Calculate the following:

1. the network address,
2. the direct broadcast address, and
3. the range of addresses available for hosts

Show the steps you took to arrive at your answers.

Question 2– Allocating subnets from a block (8 marks)

A company has been granted a block of addresses which includes the address 128.32.16.8/22.   Answer the following questions, showing your calculations.

1. Calculate the network address of this block, and total addresses the block contains including special addresses this block can provide.  (1 mark)
2. Create the following 4 subnetsfor this company by calculating the subnet address for each subnet. Answer this question by filling in the table in the Answer template.  Your subnets must use contiguous address blocks, i.e., do not leave unallocated addresses in between two consecutive subnets. Use CIDR format for the mask. (6 marks)
3. 1 subnet with 128 addresses (1.5 mark)
4. 1 subnet with 64 addresses (1.5 mark)
5. 2 subnets with 32 addresses each (1.5*2=3 marks)
6. After allocating the subnets, how many addresses are unallocated (leftover)?  Show your calculations.   (1 mark)

Question 3 – Network Tools  (Windows) (4 marks)

This part of the assignment requires you to explore some common networking tools, and answer the given questions. netstat and tracert are included in Windows, while Wireshark is free to download and install.  Explore these tools, then answer the questions.

1. A Wireshark scan has produced a packet capture, saved to a file named pcapand available on the Unit website.  Download the file and open it in Wireshark, then answer these questions about the scan:
2. View Frame 98, and answer the following questions:  What kind of message is the frame carrying (protocol name/type). What is the destination host’s domain name? (1 mark)
3. View Frame 644, and answer the following questions:  Which transport layer protocol was used?  Scan a few more frames down:  what general activity was the user most likely engaged in? – give reasons (1 mark)
4. A ‘NETSTAT –aon’ command has given the output as shown below.  Focussing on line 2 and 8 (highlighted), determine and write down the name or type of the application that is running over these two connections. What are the major differences between these two TCP connections or applications? (1 mark)

Active Connections

Proto  Local Address          Foreign Address                 State                   PID

 1 TCP    138.77.212.196:8457    40.100.145.146:443      ESTABLISHED     8044

 2 TCP    138.77.212.196:8479    172.217.25.37:443        ESTABLISHED     10708

 3 TCP    138.77.212.196:8560    40.100.146.178:443      ESTABLISHED     8044

 4 TCP    138.77.212.196:8573    138.77.208.123:61158   ESTABLISHED     2464

 5 TCP    138.77.212.196:8574    138.77.208.123:61158    ESTABLISHED     2464

 6 TCP    138.77.212.196:8588    54.70.116.101:443       TIME_WAIT          0

 7 TCP    138.77.212.196:8598    23.101.222.246:443      ESTABLISHED     15988

 8 TCP    138.77.212.196:8605    138.77.0.41:80          ESTABLISHED     7460

1. Do a TRACERT on your computer to bom.gov.au.Paste the output of your tracert command to your assignment answer template and discuss the output in sufficient details to demonstrate your understanding of the information being displayed by the tracert command. In your discussion, you must include specific information displayed on the output, e.g., host address, etc., that you have pasted in the assignment. (1 mark)

TEMPLATE FOR YOUR ANSWERS

Question Number	Mark allocated	Mark earned
Question 1: (3 marks)	3
a) b) c)	Network Address – 192.120.32.0 Direct broadcast address – 192.120.30.63 Address range – 192.120.32.1 – 192.120.32.62	1 mark each item, total 3
Question 2: (8 marks)	8
a)	The major network address is 128.32.16.0/22 and available addresses are 1022.	1
b)	Subnet No. addresses Subnet address Mask /n 1 128 128.32.16.0 /24 2 64 128.32.17.0 /25 3 32 128.32.17.128 /26 4 32 128.32.17.192 /26	6
c)	Total available addresses – 1022 and allocated addresses are 504. So, total unallocated addresses are 1022-504 = 518	1
Question 3: (4 marks)	4
i) ii)	This frame is carrying ping request by using the ICMP protocol. Ip address = 54.230.245.246 TCP is used. User wants to establish a connection with the destination address.	1 mark each item, total 2 for 3a.
b)	On line 2 SSL is used and on line 8 HTTP is used. SSL is secure socket layer which operate on transport layer where the HTTP is works on application layer.	1
c)	TRACERT command is used to determine the destination address route or path by utilizing the ICMP protocol. Here the destination address is www.bom.gov.au. First the ping request mygateway (ip address – 10.0.0.138). Then it goes to next address which is 58.96.2.228. in third packet is goes via 10.1.31.106. after that the fourth packet goes via 218.100.78.36. At last the packet goes to destination address 23.210.81.33.	1